Jan 17, 2024

Ask An Agronomist: How Does Water Quality Affect Fertigation?

Dr. Jason Haegele, North American Agronomy Lead, ICL

(Sponsored) Unlocking orchard success, we take a deep dive into fertigation. We asked ICL’s lead agronomist, Jason Haegele, about the delicate balance required in apple orchard management, focusing on a crucial yet often overlooked aspect – the quality of irrigated water. Jason is a certified Crop Advisor and a graduate of the University of Illinois (Ph.D. in Crop Science) and Iowa State University (M.S., Crop Production and Physiology).

Q: Why is the quality of irrigated water crucial in apple orchard management programs?

A: The quality of irrigated water is pivotal for apple orchard success, impacting nutrient availability, soil bicarbonate accumulation, plant health, fruit quality, and the efficiency of drip irrigation systems. It is essential for sustainable orchard practices, minimizing nutrient loss to the environment, and optimizing water use efficiency.

Q: How does fertigation enable growers to control variables and improve orchard efficiency?

A: Fertigation enables precise nutrient application with targeted boosts at specific growth stages, offering flexibility for adjusting inputs based on orchard needs, weather conditions, and growth stages. Many apple growers adopt a combined approach, such as applying granular Polysulphate®, a gradual release of S, Ca, Mg and K, in the spring or fall alongside foliar application of Nova PULSE™, a P-K formulate with micronutrients (0-6-4 + Co, Mo, Zn) at fruit-set, and fertigation of Nova PeKacid® (0-60-20) through-out early spring and summer.

Q: How does water quality impact the efficiency of fertigation systems?

A: Low-quality water can hinder nutrient delivery in fertigation systems, leading to blocked nozzles and uneven water dispersion. High mineral content or extreme pH levels can react with fertilizers, forming precipitates. Managing water quality is crucial to prevent system issues and optimize nutrient delivery.

Q: What challenges and opportunities arise with the adoption of fertigation systems?

A: In addressing challenges with fertigation systems, Tye Wittenbach, an orchard owner in western Michigan, we worked with faced issues with bicarbonate deposits limiting nutrient uptake. Cost, corrosiveness, and potential soil chemistry imbalances hindered attempts to use sulfuric acid. We viewed these challenges as an opportunity to find an innovative solution. Using a safe, acidifying form of phosphoric acid enriched with potassium—Nova PeKacid® (0-60-20)—instead of sulfuric acid resulted in positive trial outcomes and improved orchard health.

Q: What research is being conducted to address fertigation challenges in apple orchards?

A: Collaborative trials between ICL Growing Solutions Americas and independent researchers, exploring solutions like Nova PeKacid®, showcase promising results in neutralizing bicarbonates and delivering nutrients. Research on foliar applications of micronutrients, like Nova PULSE™, indicates potential breakthroughs for integrated nutrient management and improved orchard health.

 Q: What is the bottom line in achieving a thriving apple orchard?

A: Achieving and maintaining a thriving apple orchard involves a multifaceted approach, emphasizing fertigation, water quality, and soil health. Collaborative efforts and trials underscore the industry’s commitment to finding sustainable solutions for orchard productivity and environmental health. The quest for the perfect balance continues to drive progress in apple orchard management.

To learn more about ICL, visit www.icl-growingsolutions.us.